Hum. Good queston.
If wrong just jump in guys:
{and I have been known to be wrong ;D}
The LED on the controller actualy has two LED inside. One green and one red. Both have a common end tied together with the negative ends seperate.
The Green is basically set to light at 3v to possibly around 2.5 volts. Have not figure out the current limiting resistor and limit it will glow at. Basically its across the battery after the power switch. Acts like a voltmeter.
The Red LED is set the same but tied into the charging circuit and in effect when not charging the circuit raises the Red LED line about a "ground" level.
When the trigger detect a low battery it flips one transistor to allow current to flow to the car. Since this is really pulling a lot of current { 700ma+ } it hard to describe but the voltage from the battery drops. This level is below what will excite the green LED but when the charge circuit cut in the transistor that feeds current to the car "grounds" the red LED and there is enough voltage to excite the RED led.
When the timer ticks off 45 seconds or you remove the car before time. It cuts off the current to the car allowing the voltage of the battires to return to normal level, lifts the ground end of the red LED about ground. Since voltage is back up to normal the green LED has enough voltage to glow.
Its kind of like a car in cold weather cranking a cold motor. If you dont crank the car { 1:1 scale size guys and gals

} you proabbly could run the headlights and other items. But crank the car your pulling 10% more power. The voltage drops while the battry is producing requested current. Lights dim { voltage potential drops } while the started is pulling max load.
The secmatic can be found by using the FCC ID number on the back of the controller and typing it in at the FCC.gov site.
Did that help?